Magic is the alleged ability to manipulate supernatural forces. More specifically, stage magic is the art of making things happen that appear to be impossible.
It is an ancient art, used over the centuries for both entertainment and deceit, and knowledge of magical techniques figures heavily in the modern skeptical community as a means of detecting fraud amongst those who claim paranormal powers or phenomena.
Rational Wiki notes that several of the best-known skeptical authors, including Martin Gardner, James Randi, and Penn & Teller are trained magicians, as is debunker Derren Brown. Skeptical magicians have been critical to exposing the bad behavior of alleged psychics and faith healers; Randi’s two biggest trophies are Uri Geller and Peter Popoff. Randi’s team has, at various times, convinced serious and well-regarded scientists that they are psychic or possess other paranormal powers, while simply using the tricks of a magician. These men, among others, believe that while scientists are generally logical folk, they do not necessarily understand the trickery used by magicians, and can therefore be still fooled by it.
Let’s take a look at a few famous magic tricks and see how they work.
How to Bend a Spoon
To successfully perform this trick, you first need to hide a small silver coin in the palm of your hand.
When you’re ready to ’’bend’’ the spoon, hold the coin in such a way that only the tip of it is visible.
Place the coin on top of the spoon’s handle so that it will look as though you are simply holding the spoon.
Press the oval end of the spoon against the table and try to make an impression of putting a lot of effort into ’’bending’’ the spoon. As you’re doing this, let the handle drop from the back of your hand.
Since the tip of the coin will still be showing, it will look like the spoon is actually starting to bend!
How to Cut a Person In Half
This trick starts with a woman climbing into a box. After some song and dance, the magician starts to saw/cut the woman in half. What is this sorcery? How could she survive such an ordeal!?
Here’s the trick: there’s more than one woman.
Often, the chamber that they sit in is deep, but the audience can’t see this. This provides both women with room. Sometimes, the magician asks the assistant to wiggle their feet after the cut has already taken place to further enhance the illusion.
How Indian Yogis (Street Performers) Levitate
If you’ve had the opportunity to travel around the world, then at some point you may have encountered “levitating” street performers. The “floating man illusion” is usually set up with one or two people. In both cases, it’s made to look like the performer is floating in mid-air, supporting his or her entire body weight with strength of their hand…
In the one-man version, the mystic will appear to float above a carpet or small garden in the sitting position while holding the top of a rod with his hand. To the onlooker, he’ll have the strength to do this for hours on end…
Indian yogis claim to have mastered the powers of this “levitation”. In reality, they’ve simply managed to trick unsuspecting bystanders by employing fundamental design principles and little bit of physics.
In short, the floating man illusion is accomplished via the strategic placement of steel rods and plates. And though the performers appear to be defying the laws of physics, the structure is remarkably stable and contains only three parts; 1) the seat, 2) the shaft, and 3) the plate.
Of course, there’s always a rug or garden to cover up the plate, and the street performer would also require long sleeves or baggy clothing to help hide the shaft.
Here’s some variations of the same trick, which work in similar ways:
How the Floating Woman Trick Works
The trick begins with an assistant laying on a table in front of the magician. The audience is amazed when the magician suddenly removes the table and assistant appears to levitate. The magician will then pull a hoop over the assistant to “prove” there are no devices or strings attached.
There are a few tricks of the trade the magician uses to pull off this crowd favorite.
The woman involved in the trick usually wears a long flowing dress that covers up – you guessed it — a mechanical levitation device hooked onto the magician. It’s up to the magician to distract the audience so they don’t clue into the existence of the device…
That’s where the hula hoop comes in.
To convince the crowd that nothing is attached to the woman, the magician moves a large hula hoop along the length of the woman. The location where the lift device attaches to the magician allows for the ring to pass smoothly over her body